TURKISH JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2025 , Vol 40 , Num 3
Comparison of Different Gemcitabine Formulations Regarding Cost-analysis and Duration of Exposure
Metin Deniz KARAKOÇ1
1Department of Medical Pharmacology, Pamukkale University Faculty of Medicine, Denizli-Türkiye DOI : 10.5505/tjo.2025.4562 OBJECTIVE
Gemcitabine, a widely used chemotherapeutic agent, is available in two pharmaceutical formulations: Lyophilized powder (LP) and concentrated liquid (CL). The preparation periods and costs of wasted doses differ significantly, impacting both healthcare expenditures and occupational safety. This study aimed to compare the cost analysis and personnel exposure duration associated with these drugs.

METHODS
A single-center observational analysis was conducted. Preparation periods for the LP and CL formulations of gemcitabine were recorded over one year. Additionally, the quantities of wasted doses and their associated costs were documented daily.

RESULTS
Annually, 2.26% (41,010 mg) of gemcitabine was wasted, irrespective of the formulation. The waste rate was 4.40% for LP formulations and 0.36% for CL formulations (p<0.0001). The annual cost of wasted drugs was significantly higher for LP formulations compared to CL formulations (p<0.0001). If all gemcitabine infusion solutions were prepared using CL-form drugs, an estimated annual cost savings of $1,394.79 (84%) could be achieved compared to current practices. The use of ready-to-use CL-form drugs that eliminate the need for reconstitution enabled a 2.8-fold reduction in preparation time and resulted in an estimated 18.5-hour annual reduction in exposure duration.

CONCLUSION
Switching to CL-form gemcitabine could be a practical strategy to enhance cost savings and reduce occupational exposure in chemotherapy preparation. Further multi-center studies are warranted to confirm the generalizability of these findings. Keywords : Gemcitabine; occupational exposure; pharmacoeconomics; rational drug use