TURKISH JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2024 , Vol 39 , Num 1
Comparison of the Sensitive Volume Response of the Three Different Cylindrical Ionization Chambers with GEANT4 Simulations Using the Concept of Output Factor
Oğuzhan AYRANCIOĞLU1,Gizem ŞIŞMAN2,Recep KANDEMIR2,Ceren AYRANCIOĞLU2,Kadir AKGÜNGÖR4,Lütfiye Zümre ARICAN ALICIKUŞ1
1Department of Radiation Oncology, İzmir Tınaztepe University Galen Hospital, İzmir-Türkiye
2Department of Medical Physics, Dokuz Eylül University, Institution of Health Science, İzmir-Türkiye
3İzmir Tınaztepe University, Vocational School of Health Services, İzmir-Türkiye
4Department of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Dokuz Eylül University, Faculty of Science, İzmir-Türkiye
DOI : 10.5505/tjo.2023.4183 OBJECTIVE
This study aims to contribute to the literature the broadened demonstration of energy-related and field size-related responses of three different cylindrical ionization chambers, commonly used for clinical applications of the therapeutic photon beams, using GEANT4 code.

METHODS
GEANT4 simulation of Varian TrueBeam STx was compared with the real-time measurements. The variations in the output factor (OF) measurements depending on field sizes ranging from 0.6×0.6 cm2 to 30×30 cm2 and photon energies of 6MV, 6MV-FFF, 10MV, 10MV-FFF, and 15MV were recorded for each chamber and compared with the GEANT4 simulations. Response of the chambers was analyzed depending on those OFs.

RESULTS
The GEANT4 simulation model was validated. All the chambers were in a good agreement within 1.5% for field sizes between 4×4 cm2 and 30×30 cm2. The farmer chamber presented a major deviation up to 22% for the field sizes smaller than 4×4 cm2. Semiflex and pinpoint chambers have an agreement within 2% and 5.5% for 3×3cm2 and 2×2 cm2, respectively.

CONCLUSION
The chambers evaluated in this study can be used reliably for all photon energies and field sizes between 4×4 cm2 and 30×30 cm2. To obtain accurate measurements for field sizes smaller than 3×3 cm2, it is recommended to use detectors with a smaller sensitive volume instead of the detectors used in this study. Keywords : Detector sensitive volume; GEANT4; Monte Carlo; output fact